Enhancement of power quality using UPQC for a hybrid SOFC and PMSG based wind energy system connected to weak grid

Author Name(s): G. Mallesham, CH. Siva Kumar
Author Email: gm.eed.cs@gmail.com

Abstract

As the day-by-day the depletion of the existing conventional electrical energy resources and the incorporation of technological developments in various sectors increasing the gap between the generation and demand. These situations demands to think of the renewable energy resources or the combinations of different energy sources as hybrid energy system. This is one of the challenging tasks for the electrical engineers to effectively integrate them to grid for the required electrical demand and maintaining the quality of power. With the swift developments in power electronics systems applications to power systems for control and compensation of modern power systems made job easier for engineers to maintain the different operating conditions of the power system. In this work, modelled a hybrid renewable energy system consisting of solid oxide fuel cell and permanent magnet synchronous generator based wind energy system, weak grid and p-q theory based unified power quality conditioner. From the simulation studied it is found that the unified power quality conditioner effectively mitigated the tower shadowing effect of wind energy system, symmetrical voltage sags due to load variations and unsymmetrical swells due to unsymmetrical conditions.

Keywords

Hybrihybrid renewable energy systems, permanent magnet synchronous generator, solid oxide fuel cell, wind energy systems, weak grid.

Introduction

Renewable electrical energy systems is one of the expeditious growing power sector to meet the demand on the power system during peak load periods or off-peak load period with standalone systems or the combination of different electrical power generation systems as an hybrid electrical power generation system. Out of all renewable energy systems the growth rate of the wind electrical energy [1], [2] and fuel cell systems have made a significant rate of developments. Integration, control of different characterized generating systems to a common grid is one of the challenging tasks for engineers along with the quality of power. With the advanced technological developments in the power electronics and applications to power systems has made job somewhat easier to electrical operators and engineers. But, these developments further making the engineers to face the different kinds of problems
like requirements of reactive power and introducing the harmonics into the existing power system [3]. With the developments in power electronics system to power systems the various grid connected operation of wind systems have been developed [4]. Out of all the different combinations of wind generators, PMSG is the most popular in fullvariable speed wind energy conversion systems due its salient features [5]. With the introduction of the wind energy system into the weak grid experiences undamped voltage oscillations [6] is one of the main power quality issues. The power system has been subjected to different operating conditions when put into operations. As the entire power system subjected to different operating conditions like balanced and unbalanced. For these operating conditions the custom power devices is one of the best solutions. Out of all custom power devices unified power conditioner (UPQC) has all the feature to tackle the power quality issues has been aroused on the power system. The compressive review of UPQC has been presented in [7]. The work has been carryout with the main objective of maintain quality of power in an hybrid solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG) based wind energy systems connected to a weak grid for different power quality issues. The work has been organized in this paper in the following sections. In section II discussed modeling of wind turbine, permanent magnet synchronous generator, weak grid, solid oxide fuel cell, and unified power quality compensator. Implementation and simulation outcomes of the proposed hybrid weak grid system are presented in section III. Concluded the work in section IV.

Conclusion

In this work, modeled a p-q theory based UPQC to improve the power quality of an hybrid renewable system with solid oxide fuel cell and permanent magnet synchronous generator based wind energy systems connected to a weak rid. The simulation results shown that the developed system effectively eliminated active power and reactive power oscillations due to the tower shadowing effect of the wind system within the international standards of IEC 61000-4-15. Further it mitigated the symmetrical voltage sags due to load variations and unsymmetrical swells due to unsymmetrical conditions within the IEEE 1159-1995.

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