An Optimization Based Algorithm for Allocation of Distribution Generation and to determine impact of DG Penetration Level in RDS

Author Name(s): Y. Anil Kumar, N. Prema Kumar
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Abstract

With increasing demand on conventional distribution systems, distributed energy sources are placed near the consumer premises to maintain the reliability of supply. DG also includes the benefits of reduced power loss, improved voltage profile and also reduced transmission and distribution costs. Placement of DG sources have some impact on existing distribution system. The impacts may be technical, economical or environmental. In this paper we have introduced technical and economic benefits of DG. Planning of DG size and location is necessary to obtain the satisfactory performance. In this paper inertia weight particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm is used to minimize the objective function. In this IPSO method, DGs are randomly placed and size is obtained then these results are compared with previous results then optimal location and sizes are obtained. Here, objective function is the function of impact indices on distribution system due to placement of DG . Forward-backward sweep method is considered for studying the load flow of radial distribution system over various techniques available.

Keywords

Distributed Generation(DG), Power Flow, Placement And Sizing, Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO), Objective function

Introduction

Now a days electricity demand is increasing rapidly, with this increasing demand on the distribution system, losses also increases hence voltage profile will become poor. To overcome this, distributed sources are provided over conventional generating stations because of the improved technical, economical and environmental benefits. Integration of DGs in distribution system leads to reduced loss and improved voltage profile. Distributed generators are the smallest generating units placed near the consumer premises by the consumer itself or by the generation capacity is range from 1 kilowatt to 10 Megawatts. DG technologies may be renewable or non-renewable. But renewable sources like wind or solar power technologies are preferred due to its environmental benefits.

Conclusion

In this paper, multi-objective optimization problem is formulated to determine the optimal location and sizing of DG by considering various impact indices (like active power loss index, voltage deviation index, and cost of energy losses in distribution system due to presence of distributed generation) as objective function with pre-specified constraints such as voltage and active power limits. Multiobjective function for this proposed method is a combination of these three impact indices. IPSO (inertia weight particle swarm optimization) algorithm is used to solve this optimization problem and obtained optimal location and sizing of DG for IEEE 33-bus radial distribution system. The results are compared with forward and backward sweep algorithm. Results obtained shows that voltage profile is improved, real power losses are decreased and also cost of energy losses are reduced after placing DG.

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