Determination of Individual Mesio-distal Sizes of Front Teeth Upper and Lower Jaw

Author Name(s): Olga P. Ivanova, Sergey V. Chernenko, Maria V. Vologina, Viktor I. Shemonaev, Elena A. Ogonyan
Author Email: olgaa-75@mail.ru

Abstract

This article focuses on a problem of measuring front teeth’s individual size parameters. Teeth size may determine the set of treatment in orthopaedic stomatology, therapeutic stomatology and orthodontics. Choosing the size of artificial teeth is an important phase of denture, since it determines the function and aesthetics of dental prosthesis. In the practice of orthodontics teeth’s size parameters allow for dentist to detect the normodontism, microdontism or macrodontism in each specific case. Knowing about tooth crown’s sizes allows dentist to model anatomically correct and aesthetic tooth restoration. Authors review different methods of tooth size measuring and point out it’s pros and cons. The review highlighted the relationship between craniofacial parameters and the front teeth’s width. The results obtained allow dentist to calculate individual mesio-distal parameters of canine, lateral incisor and central incisor in every case.

Introduction

The specifics of the structure of dentoalveolar arches and the interrelation of their shape with the dimensions of the teeth and the parameters of the craniofacial complex oblige the dentist to master the research methods of odontometry and odontoscopy [1, 2]. Methods for determining the size of teeth, which have found application in dental practice, along with the advantages have certain disadvantages. For example, orthopedic dentistry uses the Lee method, which consists in determining the width of the front teeth. According to him, the distance from the middle of the right canine to the middle of the left canine of the upper jaw coincides with the width of the base of the nose [3]. This method allows to determine the distance between the canines of the upper jaw, but not the mesio-distal dimensions of each front tooth. Moyers proposes to evaluate the size of permanent canines and premolars of both the upper and lower jaws using the total width of the lower incisors. The lower incisors are selected as a reference because of the low variability of their size, compared with the upper incisors. This method does not require X-rays and can be used for both the upper and lower dentition [4], but in the absence of lower incisors, this method is not applicable.

Conclusion

Broad prospects for the use of this method in dental practice are open up, and in particular, in prosthetics of patients with defects of dentition particularly in the anterior region, which must meet individual aesthetic parameters to a greater extent. Using the tables proposed by us, the dentist will be able to accurately predict the required size of artificial teeth. This reduces the time spent on the examination of the patient, and eliminates the error that is allowed when determining the canine line. In addition, the work of the dental technician at the choice of the necessary headset of artificial teeth is facilitated

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