Fuzzy Based Adaptive Two Phase Traffic Signal Controller

Author Name(s): Prof. Gajanan Babhulkar, Prof. Payal Jadhav, Prof. Bhumesh Masram,Prof. Prachiti Pimple, Prof. Priya Maidamwar
Author Email: babhulkarg@gmail.com

Abstract

An adaptive traffic signal controller computes the phase timings based on real-time data of traffic and it generally results in better performance for various traffic situations. In general the fuzzy traffic signal controllers are proved to be better as compared to the traditional fixed-time controller. However the decisions were made on traffic conditions and the significance of phase sequence was suppressed. This research work dealt with the new fuzzy traffic signal controller for a full single intersection. The proposed fuzzy controller includes two main phases: fuzzy phase selection mechanism and fuzzy green time decision. The first phase will decides the next phase to be green and second phase decides the green timings for the corresponding phase. The proposed fully approach is compared with the traditional fixed-timed control system (FTC) and experimental results shows the significance reduction in average waiting time at the intersection and average queue length over fixed-timed control.

Keywords

Traffic Signal Controller, Adaptive Traffic Signal, Fuzzy Traffic Signal Controller.

Introduction

Traditionally the traffic signal controller systems are implemented using the fixed-timed controller, wherein the green and red phases timings are constant throughout signal phase cycle. The implementation of fixed-timed controller is easy but it results in poor performance for medium to heavy traffic situations. An adaptive traffic signal controller computes the phase timings based on real-time data of traffic and it generally results in better performance for various traffic situations. Uncertainty and randomness are the usual characteristics of traffic flow, hence adaptive traffic signal controller instead of fixed-time controller will be sensible alternative. Zadeh in 1965 introduced the concept of fuzzy logic and since then fuzzy logic has been extensively used to solve several engineering problems and it is best suited for control and modelling (Zadeh 1965). Application of fuzzy logic in traffic engineering is provided by (Rahman and Ratrout 2009) wherein a fuzzy logic based traffic signal controller is proposed for Saudi Arabia. (Pappis and Mamdani 1977) proposed a model for two way traffic junction (each way of single lane) which will terminate the current green phase based vehicle count measured by inductive loop detectors. Same configuration was adopted by (Bingham 2001) wherein the parameters of fuzzy traffic controller are determined by the reinforcement learning algorithm. A transportation and traffic processes is modelled using fuzzy logic (Teodorovic 1999) and inference was fuzzy logic and fuzzy set theory presents a mathematical mechanism to model complex transportation and traffic processes. A fuzzy traffic control system for two-way junction is proposed (Zarandi and Othman 2011) wherein the traffic signal timings were adjusted based on current level of traffic situation. The proposed model was tested for state of Kuwait and it results in reducing vehicle delay at an intersection. A fuzzy logic traffic controller for an isolated intersection (Trabia et. al., 1999) was proposed wherein the controller is responding to the real-time traffic demands and it results in lower waiting time at intersection.

Conclusion

An adaptive traffic signal controller computes the phase timings based on real-time data of traffic and it generally results in better performance for various traffic situations. In this research work a new fuzzy traffic signal controller for a full single intersection is proposed. The proposed fuzzy controller includes two main phases: fuzzy phase selection mechanism and fuzzy green time decision. The first phase will decides the next phase to be green and second phase decides the green timings for the corresponding phase. The proposed fully approach is compared with the traditional fixed-timed control system (FTC) and experimental results shows the significance reduction in average waiting time at the intersection and average queue length over fixed-timed control.

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