The Economic Model of Optimal Allocation of Financial Health Resources

Author Name(s): Liliana A. Sosunova, Sergey V. Noskov, Liliya H. Mukhametzyanova, Eugene P. Fomin
Author Email: kafedra-kl@yandex.ru

Abstract

The relevance of the analyzed issue is caused by the need to improve the efficiency of limited financial resources of the regional public health service for its development programs, the growth of quality and accessibility of medical services to the population. The purpose of the article is to develop the economic-mathematical model that can allocate regional financial resources by health development subprograms using the example of the Samara region of the Russian Federation. The main results: to represent the performance decline of increased spending on the regional public health service in terms of the life expectancy of the region’s population; to conduct the optimal allocation of financial resources by health development subprograms of the Samara region by the maximum life expectancy of the population (utility). The contents of the article can be used to develop health development programs and plans.

Keywords

Public Health Service, Medical Statistics, Modeling, Optimization, Regression Equations, Financial Resources.

Introduction

The regional health development program for 20142018 has set goals, defined tasks and activities to improve the accessibility, quality and effectiveness of health services to the population of the Samara region. It also provides financial support for the implementation of the health development program in the amount of 464.2 billion rubles from the consolidated budget, territorial fund of obligatory medical insurance and legal persons (The Ministry of Health of the Samara region, 2013) [1].

The main implementation problem of health development programs is the performance decline of production factors of medical services and allocation of financial resources. The basis of the performance decline is the fundamental principle of diminishing returns of used resources. A low performance of investment in human resources of the health service is illustrated by research of their funding by the Global Fund in 138 countries (Bowser et al., 2014) [2]. The European Health Association and a number of authors note decreasing health performance results under health spending growth (Peiró and Maynard`, 2015) [3].

Conclusion

The main target indicator of the state and development of the country’s public health service, or the region’s is the expectancy of life at birth. Many factors can change this indicator, among which such resource factors as the capacity of ambulance-care clinics, the number of doctors and health spending. The carried mathematical and statistical analysis showed the declining performance growth in the number of doctors in the public health service of the Samara region in terms of the life expectancy. This fact is explained by non-optimal combination of influencing factors. The mathematical and statistical analysis also revealed a decreasing life expectancy rate of the population in the region by increasing health spending. This fact is explained, in particular, by non-optimal allocation of financial resources by health development subprograms of the region. The optimal allocation of health resources based on the formulation and solution of linear programming problems will increase the life expectancy in the region by 8.7%. The further research to optimize the allocation of financial health resources may be directed to optimize the allocation of financial resources by clusters customers on the basis of fractal-cluster relations and major resource components of the health system

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