Detection of Cryptosporidium Parvum in HIV/AIDS Sero-Positive Patients in Correlation with CD4 Count in Raichur

Author Name(s): *Sandhya.P, Annapurna G Sajjan, Venkatesh Naik, Ravivarma.V
Author Email: sandhya_uvvarma@yahoo.in

Abstract

HIV infected patients are susceptible to a variety of common and opportunistic infections due to progressive decline in their immunity status. Cryptosporidiosis that causes intestinal infections in immuno-compromised patients and most frequently encountered. Due to higher incidence of HIV/AIDS patients in the area, Raichur district of Karnataka, it is very important to detect Cryptosporidiosis in correlation with the immune status of the patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Stool samples of 110 patients with diarrhoea and without diarrhoea but with HIV/AIDS were collected during 2014 to 2016 RIMS, Raichur. Here standard acid fast Method has been used for the identification. RESULTS: Out of 110 HIV sero-positive samples investigated 62 patients with diarrhoea and 48 were without diarrhoea. CD4 counts among cryptosporidium parvum isolated HIV patients, 78 patients were below 200cells/cumm and 27 patients were above 200cells/cum. Among 110 HIV patients considered 85 patients were detected with Cryptosporidium-parvum in Modified acid fast staining method. CONCLUSION: Routine examination for cryptosporidium oocysts in stool should be performed in all AIDS patients so as to investigate this infection.

Keywords

HIV, Cryptosporidium parvum, CD4 count, Modified acid fast method.

Introduction

Cryptosporidium is an intestinal coccidian parasite belonging to apicomplexan protozoa. This parasite completes the life cycle both in humans and animals through zoonotic and anthroponotic transmission resulting in a disease state called as cryptosporidiosis. Through oro-faecal route normally oocysts are transmittted by direct host-to-host contact and through contamination of food or water in an indirect route 1. In three years child with self-limiting enterocolities, the Cryptosporidium was reported as causative agent and recognized first as a human cryptosporidiosis in 19762.

Conclusion

Routine examination for cryptosporidium oocyts in stool should be performed in all AIDS patients, regard-less of the presence or absence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Detection of Cryptosporidium will help in proper management in patients and increase quality of life among HIV/AIDS patients.

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