Development of Micro patch Antenna with Proximity Coupler Fed Technique for WLAN Application

Author Name(s): Golluri.Venu, N.Pavan Kumar
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Abstract

This paper presents an analysis and designing single patch microstrip antenna with proximity coupler fed technique at 2.40 GHz resonant frequency appropriate for wireless LAN application. The software used to simulate the patch antenna is HFSS. This antenna is fed by a 50 Ω single microstrip line feeding based on quarter wave impedance matching technique with width 1.67 mm. In this paper, the effects of antenna parameters like the frequency, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and gain (dB) are analyzed by using proximity coupler fed technique. The construction of the antenna consists of the microstrip feed line on a substrate proximity coupled to a single rectangular micro patch etched in top of surface. The dielectric constant of antenna is 3.0, the tangent loss 0.02 and thickness of the antenna is 0.77mm.

Introduction

The antenna is a vital part of any wireless communication system.  Micro patch antenna have been one of the most innovative topics in antenna theory and design in recent years, and are increasingly finding application in a wide range of modern microwave systems. It provides small size antennas as there is much acute space available in these devices due to their compact sizes. The micro- patch antennas are well known for their performance and their robust design, fabrication and their extend usage.

Micro patch antennas are spreading widely in all the fields and areas and now they are becoming in the commercial aspects due to their low cost of the substrate material and the fabrication. There are many applications of micro patch antenna due to the increasing of their usage, such as mobile and satellite communication application, Global Positioning System (GPS) application, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) application, radar application, telemedicine application and so on. micro patch antennas are widely used because of their many advantages, such as the low profile, light weight and conformity. However, patch antennas have a main disadvantage which is narrow bandwidth. The basic construction of micro patch antenna consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate which has aground plane on the other side.

Micro patch antennas have several well-known feeding techniques, which are coaxial probe fed (CPF), micro transmission line fed (TLF), proximity coupled fed (PCF) and aperture coupled fed (ACF). In proximity coupler fed micro patch antennas technique offer various advantages conventional edge or coaxial probe fed patches. It allow the patch to exist on a relatively thick substrate for improve bandwidth. The feed line with thinner substrate reduces the spurious radiation and coupling. An advantage of proximity coupling is that it provides large bandwidth and low spurious radiation. The dielectric layers need the proper alignment and increase the overall thickness of the patch antenna.

Conclusion

The single patch antenna with proximity coupler fed is presented in this paper for coverage standard IEEE 802.11 in 2.4GHz band resonant frequency. By only adjusting the length of the patch, it can obtain the desired result at the resonant frequency and satisfactory performances. From the simulation results, it can be conclude that the antenna operate optimally at resonant frequency 2.4 GHz with good return loss, VSWR and gain compared to other frequencies.

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