Orthogonal Polarization Position Based MIMO Antenna

Author Name(s): Y.V.N.R. Swamy. Banothu*, P. Siddaiah
Author Email: swamyyvnr@gmail.com

Abstract

In this paper, we design a 4 element MIMO antenna with reduced ground plane structure to reduce the mutual coupling. Here the ground plane is reduced by etching metamaterial based concentric square shaped rings from the ground plane both in XY axis. Here initially the single antenna which is in the resemblance of F shape is considered and it operates at 6.94GHz and 9.46GHz. The 4 element antenna is considered by placing the antenna in a orthogonal polarized positions. The frequency band we considered is in-between 6GHz to 10GHz for the analysis purpose. The dielectric material used is Rogers RT/Duroid 5880™. The comparative analysis is presented with the help of return loss curves according to the port excitation given and the MIMO antenna at each port have dual bands in the considered frequency band 6-10GHz.

Introduction

In recent times MIMO antennas have become very important in now a day’s communication systems where multiple channels need to be dealt at the same time and the need for handling larger data and with high data rates for video streaming made it very vital to create new kind of antennas to satisfy. F antenna is one of the key antennas in mobile, vehicle applications [1, 2]. In the recent time the designing of antennas that are suitable of handling large band widths are considered for the 5G systems several countries showing interest in finding the proper frequency bands that can be utilized for 5G applications but the most speculated bands are 6GHz and above. The designing of F antenna above the 6GHz is very easy that is why it is considered most [3].  Placing the radiating elements in a compact way is very daunting task in working with the MIMO antennas. In order to avoid mutual coupling, envelope correlation etc several methods were used like placing minimum distance between the radiating elements, are having a neutral line in between the radiating elements etc, but placing the radiating elements in a orthogonal ways another way to do it.

Reducing the antenna size without affecting its performance is one of the key factors in implementing any new antennas. Etching slots from both radiating elements and the ground planes is considered to reduce the actual size of the antenna[4,5]. Now a days to reduce the overall size of the antenna and also as an alternate to the Metamaterial structures defective ground surfaces are used. Whenever there is a need to alter the feeding given to the radiating element it is usual to etch some slot on the ground below the feed. Here in the metamaterial  based reduced ground planes we etch slots similar to the periodic structures in the particular area or the entire can be proved to be very useful in generating the frequency tuning or the radiation reconfiguration in our case we use it isolate the each element radiation to reduce the mutual coupling[6-8].

Due to the increase in traffic in communication systems which can process multiple gbps data to vast number of users, the demand for 5G is high there are few frequency bands which are being considered for the 5G applications in different countries. It is very important to have high bands to allow high data rate in Gbps the easy  way to have high band width is when working with very high frequency bands like above 6GHz [9].  Though it is expected to deploy 5 generation communication systems early 2020 several researches already started exploring various secure coding methods as well as design problems and the adaptive hardware setups and it is very important to have the proper antennas which can satisfy the needs of 5G both in transmission and reception. So here we proposed to design antenna which can work at frequencies higher than 6GHz.

Conclusion

The performance of proposed 4 element MIMO antenna with and without RGP is analyzed and as we can see there is slight improvement in reducing the mutual coupling by etching the ground in MIMO antenna here the proposed model without and with RGP mostly worked in frequency bands approximately around 6.5-7.2GHz and 9.2- 9.7GHz with good return loss. This higher frequency band belongs to c and x bands are also being in consideration for future 5G wireless applications.

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank the Organization of Acharya Nagarjuna University Guntur, for support to use R&D Laboratories.

References

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[4]. Raj Kumar, J. P. Shinde and M. D. Uplane” Effect of Slots in Ground Plane and Patch on Micro strip Antenna Performance”, International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol 2, No. 6, November 2009.

[5], Kai Da Xu, Yong Hong Zhang, Ronald J. Spiegel, Yong Fan, William T. Joines, and Qing Huo Liu, “Design of Stub Loaded Ring-Resonator Slot for antenna Applications”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL. 63, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2015.

[6]. Sara Mahmoud, W. Swelam, Mohamed Hassan, “Parametric Study of Slotted Ground Microstrip Patch Antenna” IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-ISSN: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 11, Issue 1, Ver. III (Jan. – Feb .2016), PP 01-08.

[7]. Mohammad Vatankhah Varnoosfaderani, David V. Thiel, Jun Wei Lu, “A folded slot antenna with full ground plane for wearable waterproof wireless sensors” Proceedings of IEEE APS &URSI, 2014.

[8]. Nora Mohamed, Mohamed-Hicho; Eva Antonino Daviu; Marta Cabedo Fabres; Miguel Ferrando Bataller; “Characteristic Modes in Slot Antennas Etched in A Finite Ground Plane”,  Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI), 2016 IEEE International Symposium.

[9]. Straightpath Communication Inc. “A straight Path Towards 5G(white paper)” September 16, 2015.

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