Formation of Ethnic Identity of School children By Means Of Museum Pedagogics

Author Name(s): Elmira M. Bainiyazova, Iskander E. Yarmakeev, Rimma M. Akhmadullina, Nelly R. Valiakhmetova*, Erbol T. Bekish
Author Email: nellyv1975@mail.ru

Abstract

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of modern society – the need for the formation of ethnic person identity with the goal of preserving the uniqueness of the national and cultural space in the current globalization processes. The authors emphasize the relevance of this problem for the Republic of Tatarstan, as a multicultural region of the Russian Federation. The solution of this task must be carried out already at the schooling stage. In this regard, the article actualizes the problem of finding the most effective means of forming the ethnic identity of pupils of comprehensive secondary schools. Theoretical provisions, concerning the essence of the concept “ethnic identity”, the substantive stages of its development, as the characteristic of personality, are described in the work.

In the opinion of the authors, museum pedagogy, which is one of the modern branches of pedagogical science, has a significant potential for the formation of ethnic identity. The work focuses on the unique role of the museum in solving the problem under study. The authors of the article propose a model for the formation of ethnic identity of school children, using museum pedagogy, and experimentally prove its effectiveness. The work describes the diagnostic methods and dynamics of the results at the control and forming stages of the experiment.

The article can be recommended to teachers and museum teachers, for solving the problems of formation of national and ethnic self-awareness in students.

Introduction

The processes of economic, information, socio-cultural globalization, existing in the modern world, on the one hand, promote the unification of people of different ethnic groups in joint activities on development the production, on expanding the boundaries of cultural space; on the other hand, there is a serious danger of the loss of historically formed diversity and distinctness of ethnic cultures, and the uniqueness of the own culture of personality. The ongoing socio-cultural processes actualized the problems of identity, concerned with the desire of a person to learn, understand himself and determine the own place in society. The multinational composition of the Russian Federation, the migration processes, intensified in society, put a premium on the problem of the ethnic identity formation. This issue becomes especially urgent for Tatarstan, which is a polyethnic region of the Russian Federation. The representatives of 173 nationalities and ethnic groups live here. In these conditions, positive ethnic identity is the key to development of prosperous inter-ethnic relations. For this reason, the formation of ethnic identity among the younger generations is the main task of modern education. So, in the Strategy of Education Development in the Russian Federation for the period until 2025, the special attention is drawn on the need to educate a Russian citizen, who combines love for a large and a small homeland, national and ethnic identity, respect for culture, and the traditions of people, who live side by side [1].Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary (Complete) General Education is intended to ensure the preservation and development of cultural diversity and linguistic heritage of the Russian people, the realization of the right to learn native language, the acquisition of spiritual values ​​and the culture of multinational people of Russia [2].

The problem of the formation of students’ ethnic identity has been the subject of many scientific studies, but the issues of technological support of this process, effective pedagogical means are still insufficiently developed. This circumstance determined the direction of our study.

Considerable potential for the formation of ethnic identity of schoolchildren, in our opinion, contains the means of museum pedagogy.

The purpose of this study is to identify and experimentally substantiate the effectiveness of the model of ethnic identity formation in schoolchildren through museum pedagogy.

Conclusions

The formation of ethnic identity of the personality is relevant in connection with the need to preserve the national and cultural identity of modern Russia, in the context of globalization and strengthening of migration processes. Integration of school and museum educational potentials can serve as an effective tool for this process. The results of experimental work have proved the effectiveness of the developed model and the program for the formation of ethnic identity of schoolchildren, using the means of museum pedagogy. These data can be used by school teachers and museum teachers to organize joint cultural and educational programs.

Acknowledgement

The work is performed according to the Russian Government Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University

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