Energy Efficiency of Heating System Phased Introduction of Automatic Control Unit

Author Name(s): Sergey A. Nazarychev, Yuriy V. Vankov, Julia N. Zvonareva, Yevgeniya V. Izmailova
Author Email: nazarichev.sa@gmail.com

Abstract

The introduction of automated accounting and control units (ACU) located directly in a heated building, in addition to comfortable conditions creation inside the premises, leads to the reduction of thermal energy consumption. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the increase of a heat supply system energy efficiency with the introduction of automatic control units (ACU). The following experiments were carried out on a laboratory stand for the introduction of ACU: a building with an individual boiler room; a group of buildings located at equal distances from each other; a group of buildings at different distances from each other; the analysis of a heat network operation taking into account the introduction of automatic metering and control units. The research was carried out on the laboratory stand “Centralized heat supply” created from the components and the equipment of “Danfoss” company. The control of the stand operation is managed by a computer program written in the LabView environment. The obtained data were compared with the calculated ones and the economic effect on the introduction of equipment was estimated. The annual expected effect from the installation of metering units and automatic control can amount to 22% of the consumed thermal energy. In monetary terms, according to the tariff for heat energy in 2015, the reduction of heat consumption will allow homeowners to reduce the cost of services provided to the amount of about 347.52 thousand rubles per year (VAT included). In general, the effect of ACU project implementation is to reduce the heat consumption of the building considerably and, accordingly, to reduce the payment for consumed energy resources.

Introduction

In Russian Federation the heat supply of large industrial enterprises and housing and communal services is carried out mainly centrally, which makes it possible to reduce the cost of heat production through the joint production of electricity and heat.

An important role in an effective functioning of centralized heat supply systems is played by the coordinated work of sources and consumers at the regulation of heat supply [1].

The main approach to thermal energy saving is the introduction of automatic control systems for heating, ventilation and hot water supply. According to the data of All-Russian Thermal Engineering Institute (Moscow), the installation of automatic control systems in individual heat points reduces heat consumption in the residential sector by 5-10%, and by 40% in administrative premises.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the energy efficiency increase of the heat supply system with the introduction of automatic control units (ACU).

Objectives of the work:

  1. To analyze the state of modern heat supply systems in RF.
  2. To evaluate the feasibility of ACU introduction into an existing heat supply system.
  3. To check the calculated data on the introduction of ACU at an experimental stand.
  4. To estimate an economic effect of ACU introduction into a heat supply system.

Conclusions

An annual expected effect from the installation of metering units and automatic control can amount to 22% of the consumed thermal energy.

In monetary terms, according to the tariff for heat energy in 2015 the reduction of heat consumption will allow the apartment owners to reduce the cost of services provided to the amount of about 347.52 thousand rubles per year, including VAT.

In general, the effect from the implementation of ACU project is in the significant reduction of a building heat consumption and, accordingly, in the reduction of payment on consumed energy resources.

The achievement of this value of thermal energy saving is possible only with a proper equipment operation, periodic monitoring of its operation and provided that the upgraded buildings have a sufficient level of heat protection [10, 11].

Summary

The modern systems of heat supply are complex technical objects, during the management of which it is necessary to solve the issues of consumer provision with the required parameters of a heat carrier, associated with the establishment of preset pressures, the distribution of flows, and so on.

Due to the automated heat energy supply control unit (ACU) installed in a basement of a house, residents can save from 20 to 30 percent of heat, depending on the technical condition of a house.

The introduction of ACU reduces the monthly payments of residents of both multi-family and private households significantly. The equipment allows you to monitor the fluctuations of the outside air temperature and controls the amount and the temperature of a heat carrier supplied to a house.

Heat suppliers are forced to supply more energy into a house than necessary, since boiler equipment does not allow them to react quickly to the changes of outside air temperature. In order to reduce the temperature in the apartments, many open windows, thereby heating streets at their own expense and at the expense of their neighbors. The consequences of such actions are reflected in heating bills, which are overvalued by about 30 percent.

The solution of more complex problems, such as the prediction of a system behavior with the control actions on the multi-ring heat supply system of the city under different external conditions, for which several heat sources work simultaneously, requires the implementation of a software tool for the electronic modeling of heat network operating modes.

The results of our research showed that existing software packages created to model the operation of heat supply systems allow us to calculate the set modes, missing the dynamics of a system. In this case, there is a need to verify the results obtained on physical models (laboratory stands, experimental units).

The obtained results can be aimed at the increase of energy-saving measure effects and are used to optimize the operation of a heat supply system, powered simultaneously from several sources of thermal energy operating within a large area of ​​the city.

Acknowledgements

The work is performed according to the Russian Government Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University.

References

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