The Impact of Education on Increasing the Self-Care of Type 2 Diabetic Patients Referred to the Health Centers in Shaft City In 2016

Author Name(s): Mohammad Emami, *Abbas Yazdanpanah, Shaghayegh Vahdat
Author Email: abbas_yaz@miau.ac.ir

Abstract

Diabetes, a most common disease caused by the metabolic disturbances is one of major public health problem in the world. One of the factors to improve the disease control is the participation of the patient in the treatment process. This study aimed to investigate the impact of education on increasing the self-care of diabetic patients referred to the health centres in Shaft city. This is an applied study and is descriptive-analytic in terms of data collection. The Data was collected through the questionnaires distributed to the patients. In this study, the patients were divided into two groups. The self-care education was given to a group through face-to-face and to the other group through cyberspace. The questionnaires were again distributed among the people. Data was analysed using SPSS software. To perform the analytical tests, the sample paired t and Wilcoxon tests were used.

200 patients with type 2 diabetes were evaluated in this study. There is a relationship among the self-care education through face to face and the exercise and physical activities, taking medication and blood sugar control (P-Value < 0.05). Also, there exists a relationship among the self-care education through cyberspace and the exercise and physical activities, taking medication and blood glucose control (P-Value < 0.05).

The influence of factors such as diabetes knowledge on promoting the self-care behaviours in patients with type II diabetes cannot be ignored. Therefore, the necessary planning should be done to continue teaching self-care behaviours through different ways such as face-to-face and virtual space.

Keywords

type 2 diabetes, education, self-care, face-to-face, virtual space (cyberspace)

Introduction

Diabetes is a metabolic disease and multifactorial disorder that is characterized by the chronic increase in blood sugar or hyper glycemia and results from the abnormal secretion or insulin action or both of them. Diabetes is referred to as the silent epidemic and is considered as a major public health problem (Ahmadi, Hasanzadeh, & Rajaeifard, 2009). According to the American Diabetes Association statistics in 2010, there are 23.6 million children and adults with diabetes in the US which contains 7.8% of the general population that 17.9 million of them were diagnosed with diabetes and 5.7 million were not. In addition, 1.6 million new cases of diabetes are diagnosed each year. In every 400-600 children in the United States, a person is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and in patients under 20 years, the prevalence of diabetes is 0.22% that about 186.300 people are involved in this age group and at the ages above 20 years with a prevalence of 10.7% in the US, there are 23.5 million people with diabetes. According to studies, the number of diabetic patients was 2.872 million persons in Iran in 2010 that this amounts to 5.981 million people by 2030.This means that every year 155 thousand new cases are added to the statistics of diabetic patients in Iran (Shaw, Sicree, & Zimmet, 2010).

Conclusion

Due to the effectiveness of education on increasing the self-care in the lives of diabetics and the presence of rural health care centres  to provide the health services to patients, it should be emphasized the necessity of designing and producing the educational content that is consistent with the progress of the Day, using the cyberspace and reforming the structure and direction of the country’s education according to the modern circumstances of science and technology and with the active participation of patients and family members in improving the quality of patients’ self-care behaviours.

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