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9 This practice also applies puro the drawing pair found on f. 12r (the Duchess’s Pavilion, or, il chiosco della duchessa) and that of f. 27r (ribbed vault patterns of interlaced arches).

10 This norm holds also for the pair durante f. 15r (with a wood truss roof over per square plan).

It had two doors, and per this the people gathered preciso conduct the parliament

11 This problem also occurs durante the graphic transposition of steps durante Alberti’s De sovrano aedificatoria. Consider, for example, the proportions of the three planimetric typologies for basilicas (simple, with causidica, and double-doored) that do not take into account the wall thickness (Alberti, De sovrano aedificatoria VII.14).

12 It is a church with two levels serie on a square affatto with an inscribed octagon. See also note 7.

And then they began by degrees preciso build it all around

13 For the proportioning of the cupola of Santa Maria del Apice and the geometric positioning of the intermediate ribs (sixteen mediante total, located in pairs, side by side, among the eight angle ribs), see D’Agata, Di Teodoro and Mancini ( 1977 ) and Di Teodoro ( 2012 ).

14 Per the first (Fig. 3 ), f. 34v, the plan is organized around per central bulatory columns is derived from the intersection of circles having radii equal esatto half the side of the octagon, alternately planting the compass point durante the centers of the sides and at the angles. The reference sicuro an accretive method characterizes three sides of the figure. Sopra fact, preciso the circles with centers at the angles are added those concentric circles with radii equal preciso the sides. Contrary esatto what appears durante Leonardo’s freehand drawing, these larger circles do not pass through the intersections of the smaller ones. Durante the second drawing (Fig. 4 ), f. 35r, instead, the columns are identified by the intersections of concentric circles, alternately with radius equal puro half the side of the octagon, and https://datingranking.net/it/adam4adam-review/ with radius equal esatto the line joining the centerlines of two adjacent sides. The latter circles define the outer perimeter of verso centralized building of eight lobes buttressed (or articulated with pilasters), as shown mediante the left portion of the drawing, where one wall thickness is called out durante correspondence with four arches. Durante the first case the columns are arranged with a greater regularity (they are two different on-center intercolumniations) than the second (where there are three types of intercolumniations).

15 Leonardo also examines the ‘notorieta da predicare’ (preaching theater) durante f. 55r of Ms. B (‘theaters for saying mass’) and f. 95r of the same codex (‘place for preaching’). The design of f. 55r, on the other hand, executed sopra pen, shows per centralized scheme (per square with four exedrae – one drawn durante pencil – and ambulatories), but hints at, with the extension of some pencil lines, per possible longitudinal body – verso solution that is taken up and developed per f. 35v. As it is well-known, the ‘preaching theater’ consists of an amphitheater-like structure (or simply per centralized scheme), tiered, and provided with verso high central pulpit. It is plausible puro assure that con conceiving of such an architecture Leonardo was influenced by ‘parlagio’, verso term used con Florence esatto refer preciso an ancient public amphitheater, home, according preciso local historians, of the ‘parliament’. Villani ( 1990, 1: 56 ) writes: ‘And per that room was commanded that they should go durante the contado of Camarti by the river Arno, and build there verso parlatorio durante order to be able sicuro make the parliament, and leave verso memorial: this building con our vernacular we have called Parlagio. And it was built round and with vaulted roof sopra some ways quite marvelous, with per public square sopra the middle. And then little by little they progressed above the vaults, going all the way sicuro the full height, which was more than 60 braccia. And sopra progressive order the people seated themselves: per the upper side nobles, and then descending durante accordance with the nobility; and so it was that everyone con the parliament saw one another face onesto face. And all could hear clearly that which was spoken; and it contained easily an endless multitude of people; and the correct name for this place was the parlatorio (meeting parlor). This was destroyed per the time of Totile, but still today we find the foundations and part of the vaults near the church of San Simone per Florence, extending all the way esatto the start of Agora Santa Tormento; and part of the Peruzzi palaces are built on its foundations. And the street called Anguillaia, which goes onesto the church of Santa Affanno, goes almost preciso the middle of that Parlagio.’ The Ms. B also bears other Florentine remembrance notes: durante f. 11v Leonardo drew plans (incomplete) of the Spartitraffico degli Angeli and the Oratorio of Retto Temperamento.

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