Prevention of Occupational Diseases When Working with Chlorine, Fluorine and Alkaline Metals

Author Name(s): Angela A. Michailova, Elena E. Zinurova, Timofey Yu. Gumerov, Olga A. Reshetnik
Author Email: lenazinurva@yandex.ru

Abstract

This paper presents a food product intended for the prevention of occupational diseases when working with chlorine, fluorine and alkali metals. The effectiveness of the proposed food product lies in the ability to inhibit the accumulation of harmful chemicals in the body and reduce the risk of occupational diseases in a work environment. The product includes ingredients with a preventive effect that can accelerate the elimination of toxic compounds of chlorine, fluorine and alkali metals from the body. The intake of inorganic compounds is carried out mainly through the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system. In this case, their absorption through the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and circulation in combination with serum albumin is observed. The development of acute and chronic intoxication (occupational fluorosis) is possible when fluoride and its inorganic compounds act on the body. Chlorine compounds lead to irritation of the interoreceptors of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, cause spastic effects in the bronchi, alter the heart rhythm and function of the vascular centers.

Introduction

The resorptive and irritating effect of fluorides is explained by the formation of toxic fluorine ion in the body. Fluorides precipitate calcium from cellular protoplasm in the form of calcium fluoride insoluble in tissue fluids. Such an action of fluorides inevitably leads to a violation of neuromuscular excitability, increased vascular permeability, and a change in enzymatic processes. Significant in the pathogenesis of fluoride intoxication is its interaction with Mg, J, Fe, Zn, which leads to metabolic disorders. Of great importance in the mechanism of intoxication is given to impaired liver function. When fluoride enters the body, it begins to irritate the eyes and upper respiratory tract (especially with the inhalation effect of hydrogen fluoride and elemental fluoride). Complaints of workers are characterized by sensations of pain and burning, dry nose and throat, nosebleeds, hoarseness, loss of voice, dry cough, and chest tightness. With severe intoxication phenomena, body temperature rises to 39–40 ° C, a “barking” cough intensifies, suffocation appears, associated with reflex respiratory disorders and spasm of the larynx and bronchi. Acute rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, sometimes purulent, bronchiolitis develop, toxic pulmonary edema is possible. With fluoride intoxication, eye and eyelid skin damage is possible. The most typical clinical picture of the chronic effects of fluoride compounds is fluorosis – a kind of bone changes such as osteoporosis or osteosclerosis associated with a violation of calcium metabolism.

Conclusion

Thus, the composition of this product includes plant-derived ingredients necessary for the human body, dietary and fruit fibers, as well as vitamins of groups B, E, K, PP and C, which have an alkaline and preventive effect and accelerate the elimination of harmful chemicals from the body. A cereal bar can be an equivalent product in therapeutic and prophylactic nutrition, as well as an additional source of food components with a high content of useful components, which will provide a lack of energy value in the nutrition of individuals when working with fluorine compounds, alkali metals and chlorine

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