Role of Cognitive Radio in 5G

Author Name(s): Dr.Mithra Venkatesan, Dr.Anju.V.Kulkarni, Dr.Radhika Menon
Author Email: mithrav@rediffmail.com

Abstract

There is an ever growing need for improved data transfer over the smart network device which exists. 5G is a futuristic technology which tries to achieve high data rates with reduced latency through wireless worldwide interconnections. There are many limitations related to the implementation of 5G technology. Cognitive Radio is a smart radio which addresses problems related to Spectrum Allocation where allocation is carried out dynamically. Cognitive Radio is capable of learning and adapting its operating and functional parameters according to the environment in which it operates. In order to make the concept of 5G realistic and to overcome the challenges in 5G, the flexibility and adaptability of Cognitive Radio can be of use. This chapter explores the role of Cognitive Radio technology in realizing 5G implementations. The possibility of adapting the terminals in 5G as Cognitive Radios is also investigated. Further the challenges and the commercial issues that will rise in the amalgamation of Cognitive Radio and 5G technology is also examined. Thus the chapter will look into the similarities in the two technologies and introspects the possibility of interoperability.

Introduction

With increasing desire to make life easy, the number of smart devices is increasing every day. The available bandwidth allocation in 4G technology cannot handle such large number of devices. Further the services offered by these mobile devices also increase the mobile traffic and there is need to provide the fast and efficient services at low cost. There is an exponentially swelling in the count of devices which are hungry for bandwidth as well as there is a huge shortage in the vacant spectrum. Also, the availability of broadband access to remote areas and integration of varied networks on a common platform remains elusive. All the above mentioned factors have led to the advent of next generation mobile network technology, namely 5G technology [1]. In this technology, it is possible to achieve high data rates with minimum latency and reduced energy consumption. This technology is capable of handling heterogeneous devices. In spite of its many advantages, there are many challenges and implementation issues in 5G. Apart from the humongous increase in the mobile traffic, the nature of traffic is not only random but also diverse. The diverse variation in traffic in terms of periods of time poses difficulties in the planning of network infrastructure. The networks are unable to handle huge loads during peak traffic and become underutilized when traffic is less. Further, the services offered are also diverse such as browsing, multimedia and gaming and hence the Quality of Service requirements are different for various services. The existing cellular network are ineffective to handle high volume multimedia downloads.

Conclusions

5G and CR technologies and their advancements have been described and detailed in this paper. Interconnecting different technologies has been key aspect in 5G technology, while ability to adapt to interconnected networks is the main characteristics in Cognitive Radio. Also, many resemblances in characteristics of 5G and Cognitive Radio have been found. Based on the common characteristics, 5G network using Cognitive Radio functionality is proposed. The functionality is based on using Cognitive Radio terminal as 5G terminal. Such a 5G network is empowered to integrate and interconnect different wireless network paradigms. Further it has also been seen that the presence of CR based protocols in the network increases the performance. Though CR terminal adapts itself well in wireless environment, its flexibility and ability to connect to the wired networks is a challenge. Also, obtaining maximum data rates in 5G networks while using Cognitive Radio technology at the access level is another area which needs scope for improvement. In spite of such disputes, it is concluded that the usage of Cognitive Radio in 5G is the first step towards providing interoperability and connectivity between various communication technologies and varied network types. In the quest of establishing a real 5G network, Cognitive Radio based 5G is a flourishing amalgamation which has been found to outperform existing arrangements.

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